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Interact with a remote machine from the command line via SSH, the Secure Shell.
- This guide will explain how you can log in via SSH to a remote computer or server that is running macOS without using your password. As an added benefit, this process will also permit you to add the remote Mac in question to your ssh config file, and thus to log into it by simply typing, e.g. Ssh macserver from the command line.
- I'm trying to access a Mac remotely (I do have physical access to this Mac) through SSH from a Linux client computer. My goal is to access this Mac from outside the network. Port forwarding is set up on the router. From my client computer I'm able to ssh user@ip for the public IP and I am able to get into the Mac, so port forwarding is working.
Once you've acquired a taste of the Unix command line underlying Mac OS X, it's hard to stick only to the machine at hand. You want to log in to that old-but-upgraded PowerMac 7500 with G3 card in the closet to see how your web server's faring. Your friend invites you to drop in on his X Server across the country to check out his latest Perl hacks. The FTP server in your office doesn't appear to be allowing incoming FTP requests, despite being pingable (read: online and alive).
Aug 16, 2016 If remote login and SSH is currently enabled, the command and report will say “Remote Login: On” whereas if SSH is disabled and in the default macOS state, it will say “Remote Login: Off”. Enable SSH on Mac from the Command Line with systemsetup. To quickly turn on SSH server and allow incoming ssh connections to the current Mac, use. Feb 03, 2017 If you are running any Yalu jailbreak for iOS 10, do not install OpenSSH, as it already includes an SSH client called Dropbear and installing both will cause issues. 2) Ensure that both your laptop and device are connected to the same Wi-Fi network. 3) On your device, open the Settings app, and go to Wi-Fi. 4) Select the blue information icon to the right of the Wi-Fi network you are currently.
Forget remote screen-sharing applications; who needs a candy-coated graphical user interface to accomplish the remote administration tasks at hand? From the command line you can do most anything you can do locally ? except play that addictive new fully immersive GUI game you left in your office machine's CD drive.
71.1 Introducing SSH
SSH, the Secure Shell, is a command-line utility for interacting with a computer over the network as if it were local, attached directly to your keyboard. SSH differs from other remote access options (e.g., Telnet) in its focus on security; all communication is encrypted, end to end. This means that anyone tapped into your network (called a man-in-the-middle attack) won't see much more than gibberish floating by. And it does this in a fast, safe, and intuitive way, making for some interesting and powerful hacks.
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71.2 Allowing Remote Login
Mac OS X, being a Unix-based operating system, comes with SSH remote-login capability baked right in. Before you can log into your Mac remotely, however, you do need to turn on SSH. Open the System Preferences Sharing pane and select the Services panel. On the left is a list of services supported by OS X; along with Personal Web Sharing [Hack #88] and Printer Sharing is Remote Login. If it's off, start it up either by selecting it and clicking the Start button on the right or by clicking the associated checkbox. After a few moments of Remote Login starting up . . . , your Services panel should look something like Figure 6-14.
Figure 6-14. Allowing remote login
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71.3 Getting from Here to There
To log in to a remote machine, whether it be another Mac, Linux box, or anything else running SSH, open a Terminal [Hack #48] window and type:
Substitute your login name on the remote machine for username and the name or IP address of the remote server for remote_machine. If, for example, I were logging into a machine called foo.example.com using the login raelity, my session would start out a little like this:
If your remote login name is the same as your local one, you can forego the -l username bit, typing only:
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That's all there is to it. You should now be on the command-line of a remote machine. Depending on the operating system running over there, it will look to some degree or another like your local Terminal command line.
71.4 Copying Files over SSH
It's just about as easy to copy files to and from an SSH-enabled machine as it is to copy them from one local directory to another on the command line, thanks to an SSH-based version of the cp [Hack #48] command, scp. It goes like this:
![Ssh Hack Mac Ssh Hack Mac](/uploads/1/2/6/0/126051431/415350635.jpg)
The first line copies a file from remote_machine, using the username login to your local current directory (.). The second line does the exact opposite. For example, to copy a file called notes.txt in the /tmp directory on the remote machine, foo.example.com, as user sam to your local Documents directory, like so:
scp works just about the same as cp, allowing you to copy multiple files (this works when copying files from here to there, not there to here), rename them during copy, and so on:
71.5 Port Forwarding
SSH isn't only for securing interactive remote sessions; you can piggyback just about any network traffic on it, adding a wrapper of ironclad security to anything you may be doing over the network. For an example of so-called port forwarding over SSH, see [Hack #70].
71.6 Remote Reboot
Your remote machine's stuck for some unfathomable reason, the screen frozen and mouse immobile (not that you can see it). Yet you still seem able to log in remotely. To remotely reboot that machine, SSH in and type:
Wait a short while and, assuming it comes up cleanly, all should be well.
71.7 Remote Screenshot
The combination of OS X's command-line screencapture utility [Hack #41] and SSH means being able to take a snapshot of a remote machine's desktop.
Simply log in remotely, type screencapturefilename.pdf, and scp the file back over to your local machine.
This is a nifty way, by the by, to capture the Mac OS X Login screen.
71.8 SSH Without Passwords
When you're working with more than a few machines, having to type sshmy.server.com (followed by a password) is not only tedious, but it breaks one's concentration. Suddenly having to shift from 'Where's the problem?' to getting there and back to 'What's all this, then?' has led more than one admin to premature senility. It promotes the digital equivalent of 'Why did I come into this room, anyway?'
At any rate, more effort spent logging into a machine means less effort getting your work done. Recent versions of SSH offer a secure alternative to entering a password endlessly: public key exchange.
To use public keys with an SSH server, you'll first need to generate a public/private key pair:
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After you enter the preceding command, you should see this:
Just press Return to accept the default. ssh-keygen will then ask you for a pass-phrase; just press Return twice (but read the note on security later in this hack).
The results should look something like this:
This created two files, ~/.ssh/id_rsa and ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. Now you need to get those keys over to the destination machine; future SSH sessions will notice that you've got matching keys on both sides and not bother you for a password. Let's use SSH itself to copy the keys. The first command creates a remote .ssh directory, while the second copies the keys there:
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![Ssh Ssh](/uploads/1/2/6/0/126051431/114403220.png)
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Of course, you should substitute the remote machine's name or IP address for server. It should ask for your password both times. Now, simply SSH in (e.g., ssh server) and you should be logged in automatically, without a password. And yes, your shiny new public key will work for scp, too.
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If that didn't work for you, check your file permissions on both your local and remote ~/.ssh directories and the files within. Your private key (id_rsa) should be 0600 (and be present only on your local machine), and everything else should be 0655 or better.
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?Rob Flickenger